Animal in daily life:
1.Types:
3.wool is composed of protein called Keratin.
4.Sheeps have two types of hair coarse beard hair,fine soft under hair.
5.The new wool harvesting technology is called Bioclip.
6.Angora wool(also called mohair) wool is obtained from Angora goats from Jammu&Kashmir.
7.The process of cutting off the wool with a thin layer of skin from sheep is called Shearing.
8.The best known type of silk is obtained from Cocoon of larvae of mulberry silkworm.
9.Pure silk is one of the finest natural fibre and is said to be Queen of Fibres.
10.The rearing of silkworm to obtain silk is called Sericulture.
11.Types of silk are mulberry silk,tassar silk,eri silk and muga Silk.
12.Silk larvae forms a protective coating around them is called Cocoons.
13.The process of taking out threads from cocoon is called Reeling.
14.Silk is first discovered by the empress Si Ling Chi in China.
15.India is Second largest producers of silk.
16.The rearing of honey bees to produce honey is called Apiculture.
17.A well known Italian breed of bee is called Apis Mellifera.
18.The place where fowls are reared is called Poultry Farm.
19.The hen used for laying eggs only is called Layers.
20.Hen used for flesh is called Broilers.
21.Hen that hatch egg is called Broody hens.
22.Egg hatch after 21 days.
23.The massive step adopted in India to increase egg production by enlightened practices of poultry is called Silver Revolution.
Bees:
Milk teeth:
1.Types:
- Food yielding Animals are hen,goat and pork.
- Fibre yielding Animals are goat and sheep.
- Draught Animals are bull(used for ploughing&transportation).
3.wool is composed of protein called Keratin.
4.Sheeps have two types of hair coarse beard hair,fine soft under hair.
5.The new wool harvesting technology is called Bioclip.
6.Angora wool(also called mohair) wool is obtained from Angora goats from Jammu&Kashmir.
7.The process of cutting off the wool with a thin layer of skin from sheep is called Shearing.
8.The best known type of silk is obtained from Cocoon of larvae of mulberry silkworm.
9.Pure silk is one of the finest natural fibre and is said to be Queen of Fibres.
10.The rearing of silkworm to obtain silk is called Sericulture.
11.Types of silk are mulberry silk,tassar silk,eri silk and muga Silk.
12.Silk larvae forms a protective coating around them is called Cocoons.
13.The process of taking out threads from cocoon is called Reeling.
14.Silk is first discovered by the empress Si Ling Chi in China.
15.India is Second largest producers of silk.
16.The rearing of honey bees to produce honey is called Apiculture.
17.A well known Italian breed of bee is called Apis Mellifera.
18.The place where fowls are reared is called Poultry Farm.
19.The hen used for laying eggs only is called Layers.
20.Hen used for flesh is called Broilers.
21.Hen that hatch egg is called Broody hens.
22.Egg hatch after 21 days.
23.The massive step adopted in India to increase egg production by enlightened practices of poultry is called Silver Revolution.
Bees:
- Bee lives in beehives.
- Beehives contains small compartments called honey combs.
- Bee lives in colonies.
1.Queen bee:
- fertile female bee(only one).
- lays egg.
- fertile male bee(hundreds of bee).
- help in reproduction.
- sterile female bee(thousands of bees).
- do various work.
25.Wildlife sanctuaries in Tamil Nadu are vedanthangal,mudumalai,mundanthurai,kalakadu and kodaikanal.
Nutrients in plants & animals:
1.The mode of taking food by the organism is called Nutrition.
2.Autotrophic means self preparation of food.
3.Heterotrophic means depending on others for food.
4.The organism grows on dead organisms and produce digestive enzymes are called Saprotrophytes.
5.This mode of nutrients is called Saprotrophytic.
6.Yellow coloured tublar structures coiling around the stem of plant is called Cuscutta.
7.The phenomena by which two different organisms live together for mutual help is called Symbiosis.
8.The symbiosis organisms are called Symbionts (Algae - gives food, Fungus - absorbs water & minerals).
9.Animals takes solid foods and this mode of nutrients is called Holozoic nutrient.
Amoeba:
- mode of nutrients is holozoic.
- engulf food with the help of pseudopodia & forms vacuole.
- digest takes place by enzymes in food vacuole & reaches all cell by diffusion.
11.Amylase help in digestion of starch.
12.Stomach produce digestive juice calledGastric juice.
13.Oesophagus is a tube which connects mouth & stomach and is a food pipe.
14.Food in digestive system moves by rhythmic contraction & expansion of wall of digestive system and is called Peristalsis.
Small Intestine:
- 7 meter in length.
- food is mixed with bile juice,pancreatic juice & intestinal juice.
- Carbohydrates is breakdown into glucose & fructose,proteins into amino acids,fat into fatty acids & glycerol.
- Digested food is absorbed by villi in small intestine.
- 1.5 meter in length.
- helps in absorbing water.
- Temporary storage of water.
- Digestion doesnot takes place.
Milk teeth:
- 20 in numbers.
- upto 7-8 years of age.
- grow after milk teeth.
- 32 in numbers.
- Incisor are chisel shaped teeth at front.Four in each jaw(8 Teeth).
- Canine are sharp & pointed teeth used for cutting & tearing.Two in each jaw (4 Teeth).
- Molar are lower surface area used for grinding & chewing.Four in each jaw(8 Teeth).
- Pre molar are same as molar but have more surface area 6 in each jaw (12 Teeth).
15.Cow swallows the grass quickly and stores in first chamber of stomach is called Rumen.
16.Partially digested grass is called Cud.
17.The process of chewing the cud is called Rumination.
18.The animals chewing the cuds are called Ruminants.
19.Sac like structure in between small & large intestine in ruminants is called Caecum.
20.Sac contains some bacteria which produces some enzymes called Cellulose.
Matters in our surroundings:
Matters in our surroundings:
1.In the world of science matter is anything that has mass & occupies space.
2.Matter is made up of tiny particles known as Atoms & Molecules.
3.Atoms is measured in Nano Meter.
4.Molecules of matter continuously moves & mix with each other.
5.Molecules have force of attraction between them and is called Intermolecular Force.
6.States of matter are solid,liquid and gaseous.
7.Fourth state is plasma state which is super heated gaseous state.
8.Fifth state is bose Einstein condensate which is super cooled solids.
8.Fifth state is bose Einstein condensate which is super cooled solids.
9.Atom which occupy the whole of space is called Gas(not have definite shape).
10.Gas diffuses much than solid & liquid.
Measurement:
1.The space occupied by a body is called Volume.
2.Volume used to measure water in dam or reservior is called Thousand million cubic feet (tmc).
3.Oil Floats on water.
4.Mercury sinks ( because of their densities) on water.
5.Density of water is 1000 kg/m^3.
6.Mercury is 13.6 times times denser than water.
7.Density of steel is 7800 kg/m^3.
8.Pendulum was discovered by Galileo Gallili.
9.Successful pendulum was discovered by Christian Huygens.
10.One complete to & fro motion of bob is called One oscillation.
11.Distance between point of suspension & length of the bob is called Length of the pendulum.
12.Distance which the bob is pulled from rest portion is called Amplitude.
13.Time period of the pendulum depends on Length of the pendulum & independent on Mass of the bob & amplitude.
14.Astronomical unit (1.496*10^11 m) is the average distance between Earth & Sun.
15.Astronomical unit (1.496*10^11 m) is the distance travelled by the light in vaccum for one year.
16.Light travels a distance of three lakh km in one second.
17.If we travel with the speed of light we can travel around the Earth 7 & half times times in one second.
18.Density is the lightness or heaviness of the substance.
18.Density is the lightness or heaviness of the substance.
19.1 Acre is equal to 4027 m^2.
20.1 Acre is equal to100 cents.
21.1 Hectare is equal to2.47 Acre.
22.1 meter is equal to3.28 feet.
Motion:
1.The device which gives the total distance travelled by the vehicle in meters is called odometer.
2.Anemometer is used for measuring wind speed.
3.Velocity = Displacement/Time.
4.Acceleration=Change in velocity/Time Taken.
5.Yelagiri hill station is suitable for paragliding.
Plant Morphology:
1.Warming classified plants into three types.They are:
Hydrophytes are the plants that lives in water.
Mesophytes are the plants that lives in moderate water supply.
Xerophytes are the plants that lives in desert.
Types of stems:
3.Tap root gives rise to secondary roots such as Secondary &Tertiary root.
4.Root that grows from any part of the plant is called Adventitious root.
5.As these roots are found in cluster,adventitious roots are called Fibrous Root.
6.Shoot system develops from Plumule of the embryo.
7.The place at which leaf arises is called Node.
8.The distance between two successive nodes is called Inter-Nodes.
9.Leaf exchanges gas through Stomata.
10.The loss of excess water from leaf in the form of water vapour through stomata is called Transpiration.
11.The stalk of flower is called Pedicel.
12.Green leaf like part on the outermost circle of a flower is called Sepals.
13.Bright coloured part of flower are called Petals.
14.The female part of flower is called Carpel.
15.Nilgris is called"blue mountain" because of kurinji flower.
16.Storage Root:
a)conical roots are broad at apex & gradually tappers Example:carrot.
b)fusiform roots are swallon in middle & tapers both ends Example:Radish.
c)Napiform roots are almost spherical and tapers suddenly Example:Turnip.
17.Plants in saline swamps near sea shore develops upright aerial roots called Respiratory root.
18.The tendency of plant to grow away from or towards the direction of stimuli is called Tropism.
19.J.C.Bose an Indian Botanist showed that plant have feelings and win the noble prize.
20.Mimoso (Thotta surrungi) shows Nastic movement.
Types of tropisms:
Basics of Classification:
1.Sorting of living organisms based on similarities & dissimilarities is called Classification.
2.R.H.Whittaker proposed five kingdom of species.
3.Kingdoms are monera,protista,fungi,plantae and animalia.
4.Anton von Leewvenhook discovered bacteria & called as " father of bacteriology".
5.Shapes of bacteria are rod,spherical,comma and spiral.
6..Lactobacillus bacteria is in milk.
7.Human body contain 1 kg of bacteria for normal health.
8.Diseases caused by bacteria in plants are canker diseases(lemon),ring rot diseases(potato),fire blight diseases(apple) and Wilt diseases(tomato).
9.Diseases caused by bacteria in animals TB,cholera,leprosy and plague.
10.Plant like protista are called microalgae.
11.Animals like protista are called Protozoans.
12.All unicellular plants are called Phytoplankton.
13.All unicellular animals are called zooplankton.
14.Euglena,protozoans had both modes of nutrients and this mode of nutrients is called myxotrophic.
15.Conversion of sugar solution into alcohol with the release of carbondioxide by yeast is called Fermentation.
16.Man belongs to phylum chordata.
17.Hippocrates the father of medicine classified the animals in the terms of medical value.
18.Aristotle & Theophrastus classified plants & animals with forms & habitat.
19.John Ray introduced the term species.
20.Carolus Linnaeus is called father of toxonomy who developed binomial system of nomenclature.
21.Cell wall of fungi is made up of tough complex sugar called Chitin.
4.Acceleration=Change in velocity/Time Taken.
5.Yelagiri hill station is suitable for paragliding.
Plant Morphology:
1.Warming classified plants into three types.They are:
Hydrophytes are the plants that lives in water.
Mesophytes are the plants that lives in moderate water supply.
Xerophytes are the plants that lives in desert.
Types of stems:
- Herbs have no stem.
- Shrubs have thin stem.
- Trees have thick stem.
3.Tap root gives rise to secondary roots such as Secondary &Tertiary root.
4.Root that grows from any part of the plant is called Adventitious root.
5.As these roots are found in cluster,adventitious roots are called Fibrous Root.
6.Shoot system develops from Plumule of the embryo.
7.The place at which leaf arises is called Node.
8.The distance between two successive nodes is called Inter-Nodes.
9.Leaf exchanges gas through Stomata.
10.The loss of excess water from leaf in the form of water vapour through stomata is called Transpiration.
11.The stalk of flower is called Pedicel.
12.Green leaf like part on the outermost circle of a flower is called Sepals.
13.Bright coloured part of flower are called Petals.
14.The female part of flower is called Carpel.
15.Nilgris is called"blue mountain" because of kurinji flower.
16.Storage Root:
a)conical roots are broad at apex & gradually tappers Example:carrot.
b)fusiform roots are swallon in middle & tapers both ends Example:Radish.
c)Napiform roots are almost spherical and tapers suddenly Example:Turnip.
17.Plants in saline swamps near sea shore develops upright aerial roots called Respiratory root.
18.The tendency of plant to grow away from or towards the direction of stimuli is called Tropism.
19.J.C.Bose an Indian Botanist showed that plant have feelings and win the noble prize.
20.Mimoso (Thotta surrungi) shows Nastic movement.
Types of tropisms:
- Phototropism is growing towards sunlight.
- Geotropism is growing towards soil or gravity.
- Hydrotropism is growing towards water.
Basics of Classification:
1.Sorting of living organisms based on similarities & dissimilarities is called Classification.
2.R.H.Whittaker proposed five kingdom of species.
3.Kingdoms are monera,protista,fungi,plantae and animalia.
4.Anton von Leewvenhook discovered bacteria & called as " father of bacteriology".
5.Shapes of bacteria are rod,spherical,comma and spiral.
6..Lactobacillus bacteria is in milk.
7.Human body contain 1 kg of bacteria for normal health.
8.Diseases caused by bacteria in plants are canker diseases(lemon),ring rot diseases(potato),fire blight diseases(apple) and Wilt diseases(tomato).
9.Diseases caused by bacteria in animals TB,cholera,leprosy and plague.
10.Plant like protista are called microalgae.
11.Animals like protista are called Protozoans.
12.All unicellular plants are called Phytoplankton.
13.All unicellular animals are called zooplankton.
14.Euglena,protozoans had both modes of nutrients and this mode of nutrients is called myxotrophic.
15.Conversion of sugar solution into alcohol with the release of carbondioxide by yeast is called Fermentation.
16.Man belongs to phylum chordata.
17.Hippocrates the father of medicine classified the animals in the terms of medical value.
18.Aristotle & Theophrastus classified plants & animals with forms & habitat.
19.John Ray introduced the term species.
20.Carolus Linnaeus is called father of toxonomy who developed binomial system of nomenclature.
21.Cell wall of fungi is made up of tough complex sugar called Chitin.
U guys doing good job. Thank you
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