Sixth Third Term-Social(English)

The Earth We Live In:
1.High landforms with peaks is called Mountains.
2.A continuous stretch of mountains is called Mountain Range.
3.Flat upland with steep slope is called Plateau.
4.A relatively flat and low lying land surface is called a A Plain.
5.Large land masses are called Continents.
6.Australia is referred to as Island Continent.
7.Bharathi Research Station is located in Antartica(By India).
8.A group of island is called Archipelago.
9.The volcanic mountain around the pacific ocean is called Pacific Ring of Fire.
10.Hurricanes are common in Atlantic ocean.
11.The solid portion on Earth which we live is called Lithosphere.
12.The liquid portion on Earth is called Hydrosphere.
13.The gaseous portion on Earth is called atmosphere.
14.The zone in which living organisms exists is called Biosphere.
15.Peninsula is a piece of land which is surrounded by water on three sides.

16.A Strait is a narrow stretch of water that seperates two large land masses.
17.A Gulf is hollow carved out which lets water reach deep inland.
18.A Bay is an inlet of the sea with a wider opening than a gulf.
Five Oceans:
20.Pacific Ocean:

• Deepest ocean in the world.
• Deepest mariana trench is located here.

21.Atlantic ocean:

• Second largest ocean in the world.
• Hurricanes are common here.

22.Indian ocean:

• Third largest ocean in the world.
• Monsoonal rainfall for India are from here.

23.Antartic ocean:

• It is also called as Southern ocean.

24.Arctic ocean:

• It is the world's smallest ocean.
• It contains many ice bergs.
• It is located around North pole.

Seven Continents:
 25.Asia:

• Largest continent in the world.
• Gobi desert is located here.

26.Africa:

• Second Largest continent in the world.
• It divides Equator into two halves.

27.North America:

• Rocky mountains are located here.

28.South America:

• World's longest mountain range Andes is located here.
• World's largest river Amazon is located here.

29.Europe:

• It contains Alps mountain.

30.Australia:

• Fiji island,Papua New Guinea are called oceanic island.
• Barrier reef is in East coast of Australia(largest coral reef).

31.Antartica:

• It is entirely covered with snow.
• Penguins&Seals are the living creatures here.

Map&Globe:

1.Pythagoras said that Earth is round.

2.To astronauts Earth appears as blue sphere with green&brown patches.

3.The shape of Earth is Oblate Spheroid.

4.Map is a visual representation of an entire area drawn on paper or cloth.

5.The map that does not tells the actual distance is called Sketch.

6.In a map directions are marked on Top Right Corner.

7.Scale is represented as certain distance on a map but the actual distance is different.

8.Ptolemy draw the first map with latitudes&longitudes.

9.Latitudes(90N+90S=180 degrees of latitude) are imaginary lines that runs horizontally from East to West.

10.Latitudes are marked by degree numbered from 0 to 90 degree(North-South).

11.Longitudes(180E+180W=360 degree of longitude) are imaginary lines that runs vertically from North to south.

12.Longitudes are marked by degree numbered from 0 to 180 degree(East to West).

13.Longitudes are also called Meridian.

14.1 latitude/longitude is equal to 111 Kilometers or 69miles.

15.Greenwich Meridian(0 degree longituide)is also called Prime Meridian.

Local Self Government:
1.Panchayat union,Town panchayat,District panchayat,municipality&corporation is called Local self Government.
2.Lord Ripon introduced local self government even before Independence.
3.Central&state government provides subsidiaries & grants through District Rural Development authority.
4.Village beneficial program and annual budget plans are implemented after the permission from Village council.
5.The village council meets 4(January 26,October 2,August 15,May 1) times a year.
6.District panchayat president act as the president of District panchayat committee.
7.Villages more than 10,000 people people becomes town panchayat.
8.An area having more than 1 lakh population is called Municipality.
9.Cities with large population&important government building is called Corporation.
10.Chairperson of corporation is meyor.
11.Urban Local Bodies are Village panchayat,District panchayat and Panchayat Union.
12.Rural Local Bodies are Town panchayat,Municipality and Corporation.

Democracy,Human Resources And Women Empowerment:

1.Representatives elected by people of our country is called Democracy.
2.This type of government is called Democratic,Republic.
Dr. Muthulakshmi:

• She was born in Pudukottai.
• She was the first women to obtain medical degree from Madras medical college.
• She was nominated as member of legislative council.
• She was lected as Deputy Chairperson of Legislative council.
• She was the first women President of all Indian women's association.
• She studied at London Royal Cancer hospital.
• She started Cancer Institute at Adayar.
• She fought against Devadasi & Child marriage system.
• She established orphanage home in Tambaram & Avvai home at Adayar.
• She was awarded 'Padma Bhusan' in 1956
• Government has implemented a scheme called Dr.Muthulakshmi Maternity Stipendary for her.