Sixth First Term-Social(English)

Prehistoric period:
1.The period with no written evidence or record is called Prehistory.
2.The period with written evidence or record is called History.
Palaeolithic Age or Old Stone Age:(BC 10000 Years ago)

• People were nomad.
• They made fire using Flint Stone.
• They used crude Stone as Weapon.

3.Place in India where old stone age is found are Madhyapradesh(Soan River Bank,Pimpet ca, Mageshwa),Rajastan(Luni Valley),Karnataka(Pagalkhat),Andhra(Karnool caves, Renigunda) and Tamilnadu(Vadamadurai,Attirambakkam,Pallavaram,Kanchipuram,Vellur,Thiruvallur),
Neolithic age-New stone age(BC 10000-BC 4000)

• Agriculture was their occupation.
• They used Dogs.
• They invented wheel,pot,Polished stone.
• They lived in mud house.
• They burying their dead bodies in front of house.

Chalcolithic Age:(BC 3000-BC 1500)

• First metal used was copper.

Iron Age:(BC 1500-BC 600)

• They used iron

Indus Valley Civilization:(Important lesson)
1.This civilization is found in the banks of river Indus.
2.Archaeologists found this ancient civilization in the year 1921.
3.Harappa in Sindhu means Buried city.
4.The greatest structure in citadel was The great bath.
The Great Bath:

• It is made with klint fired brick.
• Lining is done by Bitumen.
• It provided with steps on both sides.
• Rooms for dress change.
• It have Proper Well & Drainage system.

5.Houses contains two rooms,multi storey,public hall,granary,well,bathroom and dustbin infront of the house.Houses were built on both sides of street.House Drainage was connected to Street drains with manhole for cleaning.
6.Mohenja-Daro in sindhi means Mountain of dead.
Materials & Purpose:

• To measure heights a kind of stone was used.
• Ornaments used were Gold and Silver.
• Weapons used were Copper and bronze.
• Pictographic writing like Terracota were found there( Eg: A figure of human meditating).
• Scripts are made with letter.
• They wore Cotton & wollen dresses.
• pots are made of Terracotta.
• Rich people wore gold, silver, ivory, precious stone(as ornaments).
• Poor people wore Shell, copper(as ornaments).

7.Wheat & Paddy were cultivated and stored in granary.
Sculpture:

• Dancing girl sculpture is made of Bronze in Mohenjadaro.
• Man with Beard sculpture is made of Limestone.

Decline:

• Burning of wooden articles.
• Rivalry of Civil War.
• River Indus would have buried things.
• Aryan Invasion over this civilization.

Ancient Tamilnadu:
1.Bavanandhi Munivar wrote Nanool.
2.During British rule South India is called as Madras Presidency.
3.Madras Presidency is names as Tamilnadu by Anna (CM-1967).
4.Human being evolved from Lemur continent.
5.Tholkappiyam (Before Third sangam) is considered as the pride of Tamil literature.
6.Sangam Literatures were Ettuthogai&Pathupattu.
Three sangams:

• First sangam was in Then Madurai.
• Second sangam was in Kapadapuram.
• Third sangam was in Madurai Muthoor.

Classifications of lands were:

• Kurinji denotes Mountain.
• Mullai denotes Forest.
• Marudham denotes Agriculture.
• Neidhal denotes Sea.
• Paalai denotes Desert.

Chera kingdom:

• Region of Chera were Whole Kerala & North West of TN.
• Their Capital was Vanchi.
• Their was Thondi & Musiri.
• Their emblem was Bow&Arrow.

Chola Kingdom:

• Region of Chola were Trichy, Thanjavur, Pudukottai & Nagapattinam.
• Their Capital was Uraiyur.
• Their was Kaviripoombattinam.
• Their emblem was Tiger.

Pandya Kingdom:

• Region of Pandyas were Madurai to Kaniyakumari.
• Their apital was Madurai.
• Their port was Korkai(Tuticorin).
• Their emblem was Fish.

Economics:
1.Employees help to improve the income of the society and is calledNational Income.
2.Individual earnings is called Per Capita Income.
3.Buying & selling of product is called Trade.
4.Division of economy are Production,Consumption and Distribution

The Earth And The Solar System:
1.The shape of moon waxes from New moon to Full moon.

2.The shape of moon wanes from Full Moon to New moon.

3.There are 8 planets in the solar system.

4.Venus is called Morning star.

5.Earth spins from West to East.

6.Planet moves in Elliptical path.

7.Venus & Uranus are the planets which rotates from East to West.

8.Asteroids are found between Mars&Jupiter.

9.Moon takes 27.3 days days to revolve the Earth and rotate on its own axis.

10.Comets are seen in Opposite direction to the sun.

11.Milky way galaxy is called Akash Ganga.

12.Earth takes 365 1/4 days to revolve around the sun& 23 hours 56mins to rotate on its own axis.
Solid Planets and their Moons:

• Mercury have 0 moon.
• Venus have 0 moon.
• Earth have 1 moon.
• Mars have 2 moon.

Gaseous Planets and their Moons:

• Jupiter have 63 moon.
• Saturn have 60 moon.
• Uranus have 27 moon.
• Neptune have 13 moon.

13.Drawf Planets are Pluto,Charon,Eris and Ceres.